Internal-combustion engine



15 1927. 1620 832 March F. R. PORTER INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Filed May 28. 1924 5 Sheefs-Shee'z 1 R w O m 4% m M W m m m W mm E \II\ J E r N B ex v V f//// .n. Sn NM m m mm N W m W z. WW f n w w v a & J k/ A & i/ k N .N kw N 7 N.

' March 15, 1927.

F. R. PORTER INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Filed May 28. 1924 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 4 INVEN TOR 'M/f/M I BY M ATTORNEYS March 15, 1927. F. R PORTER 1,620,832

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Filed May 28, 1924 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 INVENTOR ATTORNEYS 1,620,832 March 15, 1927. F" R PORTER INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Filed May 28. 1924 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 IHHHIIIHI INVENTOR I Ma /M ATTORNEYS lllllllll 1 27. March F. R. PORTER INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Filed May 28, 1924 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 B W H 7?, \a

/ JINVENTOR h/f/wfi ATTORNEYS Patented Mar. 15, 1921.

UNITED STATES 1 1,520,832 PATENT OFFICE.

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Application filed Bay 28, 1924. Serial No. 718,886.

Internal combustion engines of the variable speed type such, for Instance, as automobile engines are designed and rated w th respect to the results obta 1ned.under wlde 5 open or non-throttled conditlons of the fuel gas intake where the compresslon ratio and thermal eificiency are fully realized.

It is well known that under throttled conditions of the fuel gas intake, the pressure 1 and thermal eflicien'cy are reduced in more than a direct ratio.

The object of this invention is to mamtain the compression ratio and thermal efficiency constant and at a maxlmum under l throttled conditions of the fuel gas mtake,

regardless of the amount of power output required. r I

With this object in view, thls mvent1on comprises means whereby the opening of the i 2 fuel gas inlet port and the closing of the combusted gas exhaust port ma be varied under different throttle conditions in the fuel gas intake, and means 'whereby the spark plug may be located in the rotary valve and the spark advanced and retarde as found necessary.

This invention more particularly comprises an internal combustion englne of the rotary valve type, in which each cylinder has a common inlet and exhaust port, a

valve chest having inlet and exhaust ports, a rotary valve for opening and closmg said ports, and a valve bearing sleeve having ports open to said cylinder, inlet and ex-' :15 haust ports, which bearing sleeve may be rotatively adjusted as the throttle conditions in the fuel gas intake are varied, as, for instance, by placin the bearing sleeve under the control of t e variations in pressure in the fuel gas intake due to the more or less opening of the throttle valve.

My invention also comprises certain improvements in the construction, form and arrangement of the several parts of the engine as will be hereinafter fully pointed out and claimed.

A practical embodiment of this invention is represented in the accompanying drawings, in which'- Fig. 1 is a detail vertical longitudinal central section through the engine.

Fig. 2 is a detail cross section taken in the plane of the line II-II of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a detail cross section taken in the plane of the line III-JII of Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is a cross section taken in the plane of the line IV'-IV of Fig. 1.

Fig. 5 is a detail section similar to Fig. i with the rotary valve in another posi-- ion.

Fig. 6 is a detail section similar to Fig. 4 with the valve bearing sleeve moved to another osition.

Figs. 8, 9 and 10 are diagrammatic views, representing the rotary valve in four different positions, in its rotary movement. Fi 11 1s a diagrammatic view, representing t e means for placing the rotatively adjustable bearing sleeve under the control of the fuel gas intake. 70

The engine may be composed of as many cylindersas desired. One cylinder and its valve and adjacent parts will now be described.

The cylinder is denoted by 1 and its chamber by 2. The outer end of the cylinder 1 is provided with a reduced neck 3, forming an axially arranged passage having a common inlet and outlet port 4 open to the face of the rotary valve 5, disposed transversely to the cylinder in thecircular bore 6 of a valve chest 7. A rotatively adjustable valve bearing sleeve 8 is provided with a lining .9'of oil impregnated self lubricating material such as an oil absorbing metal, and it is located between the face of the valve '5 and the walls of the bore 6 so that the valve needs no additional supply of oil to lubricate it. I v

The valve chest 7 is provided with the inlet port 10 and exhaust port 13, which inlet port 10 is in open communication with the fuel gas intake 11, in which intake there is located the usual throttle valve 12. The inlet port 10 and exhaust port 13 are both open through the bearing sleeve 8 and lining 9 to the face of the rotary valve 5 in the same plane as the common cylinder ort 4.. In the present arrangement the lnlet and exhaust ports 12 and 13 are shown as located diametrically opposite each other and the cylinder port 4 located half-way between them.

The rotary valve 5 has a peripheral brid e port 14 located in the same 'plane as t e inlet, exhaust and cylinder ports, which valve port is of suflicient leg-gth to open communication between the et port 12 and cylinder port 4, when the valve is inone the cylinder port 4 and the exhaust port 13, when the valve is in another position of its rotary movement.

It will be understood that the valve bearing sleeve 8 and the rotary valve 5 extend the full length of the motor, While the sleeve linings 9 are approximately of a length egual to the outside diameter of their 0 hn ers and centrally located over the cylin ers, the length'of these linings being determined by the amount of bearing surface required for the rotary valve. The rotary valve, at one end, is provided with the usual gear 15, by

means of which the valve may be,,rotated in the usual manner, by means not shown herein.

.The bearing sleeve 8 is prov1ded,.at the opposite end, with a ring 16' having a series of teeth out therein, which mesh with the teeth of a mag 17, the upper end of which rack is provi ed with a plston 18, fitted to slide in a chamber 19 in open communication through a pipe line 20, with the fuel gas intake 11 above the throttle valve 12. yThe opposite end of the rack 17 projects into a chamber 21. A coil spring 22- '1s interposed between one end of the c hamher and the washer 23, adjustably positioned on the rack by the nut 24 for normally holding the rack at the limit of its movement, on one direction. The rotativ'e movement of the valve bearing sleeve 8 is limited in both directions by a pin and slot device 25, 26

the pin being carried by the engine casing and the slot being located in the periphery of the sleeve ring 16.

A terminal plug 27 carried by the valve chest 7 has its conductor 28 located in the secondary circuit of any well known or approved ignition circuit. The inner end 29 of the conductor 28 is located in close proximity to the face of the rotary valve 5.

A spark plug 30 is located in the rotary valve, with its center. electrode 31 in the same transverse plane as the cylinder port v4, bridge port 14 and terminal plug conducvancing or retarding of the spark within certain limits. 1

An annular packing chamber 35 is formed exterior to a rmg 36, screwed into the neck 3 of the cylinder, the bore of which ring forms the mouth of the cylinder port 4. The packing ringherein shown ascomprising a.

. shell37 and an insert 38 of oil impregnating the crank shaft travel.

self lubricating hard material, preferably metal, is located in the packingchamber v35. A resilient means such, for instance, as a. diaphragm 39 is provided fbr holding the oil impregnated self lubricating insert 38 in engagement with the face of the valve.

A gas t1 ht joint is thus provided around the cylin er chamber port 4.

The valve bearing sleeve 8 and its lining 9 are provided with ports 40, 41 and 42 therethrough, opening to the inlet ort 10, the exhaust port 13 and the cylindiar port 4 respectively, the port 42 being sufficiently Inge to receive the packing ring 37 38 and permit it to engage the face of the rotary valve 5. The sleeve Sand lining 9 also have an opening 43 therethrough, to receive the inner end of the terminal plug '27 Any suitable oilimpregnated self lubricating material may be used for the hearing 'sleeve lining 9 and the packing rin insert 38, such, for instance as Genalite made by the General Electric Com any of Schenectady, New York, Genalite being a molded porous material comprising synthetic bronze and graphite vso combined that the material will absorb by capillary attraction from 2% to 3% by weight, of lubricating oil.

In operation:

-When starting the engine with the throttle valve nearly closed, a partial vacuum will be created in. the upper portion of the rack piston chamber 19-which-will draw the piston 18 and rack upward against the tension of the spring 22 until the stop pin 25 comes in contact with one end of the slot 26, thus bringing the ports 40,141 and 42 in the sleeve lining, to,.the positions shown in Fig. 6. This movement -will approximate twenty-five degrees in relation to the valve travel and approximately fifty degrees in relation to The effect will be that the closing of the exhaust not take place until the engine piston has traveled downward fifty degrees from top center, which, in turn, means that a considerable amount of combusted gases will be ort will Ill) pulled back into the c linder chamber. Im-

mediately thereafter t 1e exhaust port will be closed and the inlet port opened, causing the balance of the cylinder chamber to be filled with the fuel gas. As the throttle valve is opened, the partial vacuum in the rack piston chamber 19 will decrease and thespring 22 will begin to pull the rack upwardly which, in turn, will rotate the sleeve and lining to change the time of the inlet opening and exhaust closing in proportion to the amount of the throttle opening, such change fluctuating back and forth in a direct ratio to the amount of throttle valve opening atall times.

Inasmuch as the exhaust port opening is determined by the relative position of the leading edge of the bridge port 14 in the rotary valve and the bearing ring 37', 38"

and that the inlet ort closing is determine by the osition o the trailing ed said bri ge port and the bearing rmg,-these two functions remain constant.

It will thus beseen that, under reduced throttle conditions a great ortion of the cylinder chamber will be led with inert combusted gases and a minor portion of the cylinder chamber will be filled with fuel gas. It is very desirable that these combusted gases and fuel gas be kept separate so that the fuel gas can be ignited readily, especial- 1y under slow enginespeeds. Consequently, by placing the spark plug in the rotatmg valve, the spark will be produced at the mouth of the cylinder chamber port which is filled with the fuel gas, which was last introduced into the cylinder chamber where it is unaifectedby' the turbulence due to the action of the engine piston, and will be readily ignited.

It is evident that various changes may be resorted to in the construction, form and arrangement of the several parts without departing from the spirit and scope of my invention; hence, I do not wish to lmit m self to the particular embodiment herein shown and described, but

What I claim is I 1. In an internal combustion engine, a cylinder port, a valve chest having inlet and exhaust ports, a valve for opening and closing said ports, and means to change the time fort openm said means being controlled of said mlet o ening and exhaust closing, said means being controlled by varying throttle conditions.

2. In an internal combustion engine, a cylinder port, a valve chest having inlet and exhaust ports, a valve for opening and closing said ports, and means to change the time of said inlet opening and exhaust closing, said means being controlled by variations in pressure in the engine intake due to'varying throttle conditions.

3. In an internal combustion engine of the I rotary valve type, a cylinder port, a valve chest having inlet and exhaust ports, a rdta valve for o ening and closing said ports, an means to c ange the time'of said inlet opening and exhaust closing said means being controlled by varying throttle conditions.

4. In" an internal combustion engine of the rotary valve type, a 0 linder port, a valve chest having inlet an exhaust ports a rotary valve for opening and closing said ports, and means to change the time of said inlet opening and exhaust closing, said means being controlled by variations in pressure in the engine intake due to varying throttle conditions.

5. In an internal combustion engine of'the rotary valve ty e, a cylinder port, a valve chest having at and exhaust ports, a roof the valve for openin and closing said ports,

ta an d a valve bearing s eeve having ports open to said cylinder, inlet and exhaust ports, said sleeve bein rotatively adjustable to change the time o the inlet opening and exhaust closing.

6. In an internal combustion engine of change the 'time'o said inlet opening andv exhaust closing.-

7. In an internal combustion engine of the rotary valve type, 'a cylinder port, a valve chest having inlet an exhaust ports, a rotary valve for openin and closing said ports, and a valve bearlng sleeve having ports open to'said cylinder, inlet and exhaust ports, said sleeve being rotatively adjustable by the variations-in pressure in the engine intake due to varying throttle conditions, to change the time of said inlet opening and exhaust closing.

8. In' an internal combustion engine, a v valve chest having inlet and exhaust ports,

a valve for opening and closing said ports, and means for changin the timing of the inlet port opening and t e exhaust ort clos- A ing wlthout changing the relationsh1p of the 1n et port closing with respect to the exhaust port opening and the exhaust port closing without changing the relationship of the inlet port closing with respect to the exhaust ort opening, said means being controlled y vanations in pressure in the engine'intake due to varying throttle conditions.

10. In an internal combustion engine of the rotary vvalve type, a valve chest having inlet and exhaust ports, a rotary valvefor opening and closing said ports, and means for changing the timing of the inlet port opening and the exhaust port closing without changing the relationship of the inlet port closing with respect to the exhaust port open ng, said means being controlled by varying throttle conditions.

11. In an internal combustion engine of the rotary valve type, a valve chest having inlet and exhaust ports, a rotary valve for opening and closing said ports, and means for changin' the timing of 'the inletport opening an the exhaust port closing without changing the relationship of the inlet port closing with respect to the exhaust port I variations in pressuredn the engine intake due'to varying throttle conditions.

12. Inan internal combustion engine of the rotary valve type, a c linder port, a

valve chest having inlet an exhaust portg a rotary valve for opening and closing sai ports, and a valve bearing sleeve having ports open to said cylinder, inlet and exhaust ports,-said sleeve bemg rotatively adjustable by varying throttle conditions to change the timing of the inlet port opening and the exhaust ort closin without changing the relations ip of the inlet port closing with respect to the exhaust port opening.

13. In an internal combustion engine of the rotary valve type, a c linder port, a valve chest having inlet an exhaust ports, a rotary valve for opening and closing said ports, and a valve .bearing sleeve having ports open to said cylinder, inlet and exhaust ports, said sleeve being rotatively adjustable by variations in pressure in the engine intake due to varying throttle conditions to change the timing of the inlet port opening and the exhaust port closing without changing the relationship of the inlet port closing with respect to the exhaust port openm I4. In an internal combustion engine of the rotary valve type, a cylinder port, 8.

valve chest having inlet and exhaust ports,

a rotary valve for opening and closing said ports, a valve bearing sleeve having x1ports open to said cylinder, inlet and c said" sleeve 'comprising, a iston carrying rack meshlng with said s eeve, a piston chamber open to the engine intake, tending ten g to pull the rack in the other direction, and means for limiting the rotative movement of said sleeve.

15. In an internal combustion engine of the rotary valve type, ac linder port, a

valve chest having inlet an exhaust ports, a rotary valve for opening and closing said ports, a valve bearing sleeve having orts open to said cylinder, inlet and exl iaust ports, and means for rotatively ad'usting said sleeve comprising, a sleeve ring avin a series of teeth, a piston carrying racfi meshing with said teeth, a piston chamber open to the engine intake, tending to pull the rack in one direction, means tending to as my invention, I have signed my name this 23rd day of May, 1924.

FINLEY R. PORTER.

aust 35 ports, and means for rotatively adjusting 11111 the rack in one direction, means"40 

